Leukotriene modifiers may be used for the treatment of certain conditions that are associated with an allergic response.
Leukotriene modifiers prevent the action of leukotrienes in the body. Leukotrienes are substances that are released from mast cells, basophils and eosinophils. These substances cause airway constriction (a narrowing of the airways), increased mucus production, swelling and inflammation in the lungs. This causes symptoms such as wheezing, cough, post nasal drip and shortness of breath.
Leukotriene modifiers include two types of agents:
- Leukotriene-receptor antagonists, such as montelukast and zafirlukast, prevent leukotrienes from binding to their receptors
- Leukotriene synthesis inhibitors, such as zileuton, block the enzyme, 5-lipoxygenase, which is necessary for the formation of leukotrienes.
Montelukast, zafirlukast, and zileuton may be considered for the treatment of asthma. Only montelukast is approved to treat allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and allergies as well.
