Note: This document contains side effect information about sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Some dosage forms listed on this page may not apply to the brand name Kalexate.
Applies to sodium polystyrene sulfonate: powder, powder for suspension, suspension.
Serious side effects of Kalexate
Along with its needed effects, sodium polystyrene sulfonate (the active ingredient contained in Kalexate) may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate:
Rare
- Bloody vomit
- chest pain or tightness
- cough
- cough producing mucus
- difficulty with breathing
- fever or chills
- severe stomach pain
- sneezing
- sore throat
- trouble breathing
Incidence not known
- Confusion
- constipation
- decrease in the amount of urine
- diarrhea
- dry mouth
- increased thirst
- irregular heartbeat
- loss of appetite
- muscle cramps in the hands, arms, feet, legs, or face
- nausea or vomiting
- noisy, rattling breathing
- numbness and tingling around the mouth, fingertips, or feet
- seizures
- severe constipation
- swelling of the fingers, hands, feet, or lower legs
- stomach cramps or pain
- tremor
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- weight gain or loss
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur while taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate:
Symptoms of overdose
- Dizziness
- drowsiness
- fainting
- fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat
- lightheadedness
- muscle spasms (tetany) or twitching
- pounding or rapid pulse
- trembling
For Healthcare Professionals
Applies to sodium polystyrene sulfonate: oral suspension, oral and rectal powder, oral and rectal suspension, rectal enema.
Gastrointestinal
Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Intestinal/colonic necrosis
Frequency not reported: Gastric irritation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, fecal impaction, intestinal obstruction, other serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse reactions
Postmarketing reports: GI concretions/bezoars, ischemic colitis, GI tract ulceration, intestinal perforation, GI stenosis[Ref]
Nausea, vomiting, and constipation have occurred, especially with high doses. In clinical trials, fecal impaction occurred in geriatric patients given large doses; children have experienced impaction with rectal administration. Following oral administration, intestinal obstruction with aluminum hydroxide concretions and bezoar formation occurred in neonates. In postmarketing reports, gastrointestinal tract ulcerations, necrosis, and ischemic colitis may have resulted in intestinal perforation.[Ref]
Metabolic
Frequency not reported: Anorexia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, significant sodium retention[Ref]
Nervous system
Postmarketing reports: Grand mal seizure[Ref]
A grand mal seizure occurred in 1 patient with renal dysfunction and concomitant use of this drug and magnesium hydroxide.[Ref]
Respiratory
Postmarketing reports: Acute bronchitis, bronchopneumonia[Ref]
Bronchitis with/without pneumonia occurred after inhalation of particles of this drug.[Ref]
