Tyrvaya does not reduce inflammation, it targets the trigeminal parasympathetic pathway which stimulates the lacrimal functional unit – an integrated system consisting of the lacrimal glands, surface of the eye, goblet glands and meibomian glands, and the nerves that connect them – to improve the quality and quantity of tear film produced. The trigeminal parasympathetic pathway is accessible through the nose, which is why Tyrvaya is produced as a nasal spray. This allows effective treatment of dry eye without the burning and stinging often associated with eye drops.

Dry eye is caused by an unstable tear film, which makes the cornea (the transparent layer at the front of the eye) vulnerable to damage and inflammation. Most dry eye products try to replicate natural tears. But tears are very complex and composed over 1500 proteins, lipids, and mucins with strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. By stimulating the trigeminal parasympathetic pathway, Tyrvaya improves the quality and quantity of our own tears, rather than trying to replace tears.