This drug should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus.

AU TGA pregnancy category: C
US FDA pregnancy category: C

Comments:
-There is a risk for intrauterine growth retardation when beta-blockers are administered orally.
-Signs and symptoms of beta-blockade (e.g., bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia) have been observed in neonates when beta-blockers have been administered until delivery.
-If this drug is administered until delivery, neonates should be carefully monitored during the first days of life.

Animal studies have shown reproductive toxicity. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women.

AU TGA pregnancy category C: Drugs which, owing to their pharmacological effects, have caused or may be suspected of causing, harmful effects on the human fetus or neonate without causing malformations. These effects may be reversible. Accompanying texts should be consulted for further details.

US FDA pregnancy category C: Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

See references

A decision should be made to discontinue breastfeeding or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Excreted into human milk: Unknown
Excreted into animal milk: Data not available

Comments: The effects in the nursing infant are unknown.

See references