Drug Detail:Vijoice (Alpelisib)
Drug Class: PI3K inhibitors
Highlights of Prescribing Information
VIJOICE® (alpelisib) tablets, for oral use
Initial U.S. Approval: 2019
Recent Major Changes
Dosage and Administration, Dose Modifications for Adverse Reactions (2.3) | 11/2022 |
Warnings and Precautions, Severe Hypersensitivity (5.1) | 11/2022 |
Warnings and Precautions, Diarrhea or Colitis (5.5) | 11/2022 |
Indications and Usage for Vijoice
VIJOICE is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with severe manifestations of PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) who require systemic therapy.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s). (1)
Vijoice Dosage and Administration
Recommended Dose:
- Pediatric patients (2 to less than 18 years of age): 50 mg taken orally once daily with food. (2.1)
- Adult patients: 250 mg taken orally once daily with food. (2.1)
Dosage Forms and Strengths
Tablets: 50 mg, 125 mg, and 200 mg (3)
Contraindications
Severe hypersensitivity to VIJOICE or to any of its ingredients. (4)
Warnings and Precautions
- Severe Hypersensitivity: Permanently discontinue VIJOICE. Promptly initiate appropriate treatment. (5.1)
- Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCARs): VIJOICE can cause SCARs, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), erythema multiforme (EM), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Interrupt VIJOICE for signs or symptoms of SCARs. Permanently discontinue VIJOICE if SCARs are confirmed. (2.3, 5.2)
- Hyperglycemia: VIJOICE can cause severe hyperglycemia, in some cases associated with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome (HHNKS) or ketoacidosis. The safety of VIJOICE in patients with Type 1 or uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes has not been established. Before initiating treatment with VIJOICE, test fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and optimize blood glucose. After initiating treatment, monitor periodically. Initiate or optimize anti-hyperglycemic medications as clinically indicated. Interrupt, reduce dose, or discontinue VIJOICE if severe hyperglycemia occurs. (2.3, 5.3)
- Pneumonitis: VIJOICE can cause severe pneumonitis and interstitial lung disease. Monitor for clinical symptoms or radiological changes. Permanently discontinue VIJOICE if pneumonitis occurs. (2.3, 5.4)
- Diarrhea or Colitis: VIJOICE can cause severe diarrhea, resulting in dehydration and in some cases in acute kidney injury, as well as colitis. Monitor for diarrhea and additional symptoms of colitis, including abdominal pain and mucus or blood in stool. Interrupt, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue VIJOICE based on severity of diarrhea or colitis. In case of colitis, additional treatment, such as enteric-acting and/or systemic steroids may be required. (2.3, 5.5)
- Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: VIJOICE can cause fetal harm. Advise patients of potential risk to a fetus and to use effective contraception. (5.6, 8.1, 8.3)
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
Most common adverse reactions (Grades 1 to 4, incidence ≥ 10%) were diarrhea, stomatitis, and hyperglycemia. (6.1)
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation at 1-888-669-6682 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 Inducers: Avoid coadministration of VIJOICE with a strong CYP3A4 inducer. (7.1)
- Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) Inhibitors: Avoid the use of BCRP inhibitors in patients treated with VIJOICE. If unable to use alternative drugs, closely monitor for increased adverse reactions. (7.1)
- CYP2C9 Substrates: Closely monitor when VIJOICE is coadministered with CYP2C9 substrates where decreases in the plasma concentration of these drugs may reduce activity. (7.2)
Use In Specific Populations
Lactation: Advise not to breastfeed. (8.2)
See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and FDA-approved patient labeling.
Revised: 11/2022
Full Prescribing Information
1. Indications and Usage for Vijoice
VIJOICE is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with severe manifestations of PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) who require systemic therapy.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
2. Vijoice Dosage and Administration
2.1 Recommended Dosage
Adult Patients
The recommended dosage of VIJOICE in adult patients is 250 mg orally, once daily, administered as recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)] until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Pediatric Patients (2 to less than 18 years of age)
The recommended initial dosage of VIJOICE in pediatric patients is 50 mg orally, once daily, administered as recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)] until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Consider a dose increase to 125 mg once daily in pediatric patients ≥ 6 years old for response optimization (clinical/radiological) after 24 weeks of treatment with VIJOICE at 50 mg once daily. When a pediatric patient turns 18 years old, consider a gradual dose increase up to 250 mg. Recommended dose increases by age group are listed in Table 1.
*A recommended increased dose has not been established. | ||
Patient age (years) | Initial dose | Dose increase |
2 to < 6 | 50 mg | Not applicable* |
6 to < 18 | 50 mg | 125 mg |
2.2 Administration
Take VIJOICE with food at approximately the same time each day.
No tablet should be used if it is broken, cracked, or otherwise damaged at the time of opening the blister pack.
Swallow VIJOICE tablets whole. Do not split or chew.
If a dose of VIJOICE is missed, it can be taken with food within 9 hours after the time it is usually taken. After more than 9 hours, skip the dose for that day. The next day, take VIJOICE at the usual time.
If the patient vomits after taking the dose, advise the patient not to take an additional dose on that day, and to resume the dosing schedule the next day at the usual time.
Preparation and Administration for Patients Who Have Difficulty Swallowing Tablets
- For patients who are not able to swallow tablets, administer VIJOICE as an oral suspension with food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
- Place VIJOICE tablets in a glass containing 2 to 4 ounces of water and let it stand for approximately 5 minutes. Make the suspension with water only.
- Crush the tablets with a spoon and stir until an oral suspension is obtained.
- Administer the oral suspension immediately after preparation. Discard the oral suspension if it is not administered within 60 minutes after preparation.
- After administration of the oral suspension, add approximately 2 to 3 tablespoons of water to the same glass. Stir with the same spoon to re-suspend any remaining particles and administer the entire contents of the glass. Repeat if particles remain.
2.3 Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions
The recommended VIJOICE dose reductions for adverse reactions in adult and pediatric patients are listed in Table 2 and Table 3, respectively.
VIJOICE dose level | Dose and schedule |
First-dose reduction | 125 mg once daily |
Second-dose reduction | 50 mg once daily |
Action | VIJOICE dose prior to dose reduction | |
125 mg once daily | 50 mg once daily | |
Dose reduction | 50 mg once daily | Not applicable |
Discontinue VIJOICE in adults or pediatric patients who cannot tolerate 50 mg daily.
Tables 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 summarize recommendations for dose interruption, reduction, or discontinuation of VIJOICE in the management of specific adverse reactions.
Cutaneous Adverse Reactions
If a severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) is confirmed, permanently discontinue VIJOICE. Do not reintroduce VIJOICE in patients who have experienced previous SCAR during VIJOICE treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
aGrading according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0. bFor all grades of rash, consider consultation with a dermatologist. cAntihistamines administered prior to rash onset may decrease incidence and severity of rash. |
|
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2)] | |
Gradea,b | Recommendation for adult and pediatric patientsc |
Grade 1 (< 10% body surface area (BSA) with active skin toxicity) | No VIJOICE dosage modification is required unless the etiology is determined to be SCAR. Initiate topical corticosteroid treatment. Consider adding oral antihistamine to manage symptoms. If active rash is not improved within 28 days of appropriate treatment, add a low dose systemic corticosteroid. If the etiology is determined to be SCAR, permanently discontinue VIJOICE. |
Grade 2 (10% to 30% BSA with active skin toxicity) | No VIJOICE dosage modification is required unless the etiology is determined to be SCAR. Initiate or intensify topical corticosteroid and oral antihistamine treatment. Consider low dose systemic corticosteroid treatment. If rash improves to Grade ≤ 1 within 10 days, systemic corticosteroid may be discontinued. If the etiology is determined to be SCAR, permanently discontinue VIJOICE. |
Grade 3 (e.g., severe rash not responsive to medical management) (> 30% BSA with active skin toxicity) | Interrupt VIJOICE and initiate or intensify topical/systemic corticosteroid and oral antihistamine treatment. If the etiology is determined to be SCAR, permanently discontinue VIJOICE. For rashes other than SCAR Adult Patients:
|
Grade 4 (e.g., severe bullous, blistering or exfoliating skin conditions) (any % BSA associated with extensive superinfection, with IV antibiotics indicated; life-threatening consequences) | Permanently discontinue VIJOICE. |
Hyperglycemia
Before initiating treatment with VIJOICE, test fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and optimize blood glucose. After initiating treatment with VIJOICE, monitor fasting glucose (FPG or fasting blood glucose) at least once every week for the first 2 weeks, then at least once every 4 weeks, and as clinically indicated. Monitor HbA1c every 3 months and as clinically indicated. In patients with risk factors for hyperglycemia, monitor fasting glucose more closely and as clinically indicated [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
Abbreviation: ULN, upper limit of normal. aFPG/Fasting Blood Glucose/Grade levels reflect hyperglycemia grading according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.03. bInitiate applicable anti-hyperglycemic medications, including metformin in adult and pediatric patients ≥ 10 years, SGLT2 inhibitors or insulin sensitizers (such as thiazolidinediones or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) in adult patients, and review respective prescribing information for dosing and dose titration recommendations, including local hyperglycemic treatment guidelines [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. |
|
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] | |
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)/Fasting blood glucose valuesa | Recommendation for adult and pediatric patients |
Dose modifications and management should only be based on fasting glucose values (FPG or fasting blood glucose). | |
Grade 1 Fasting glucose > ULN -160 mg/dL or > ULN -8.9 mmol/L | No VIJOICE dosage modification is required. Initiate or intensify oral anti-hyperglycemic treatmentb. |
Grade 2 Fasting glucose > 160 - 250 mg/dL or > 8.9 - 13.9 mmol/L | No VIJOICE dosage modification is required. Initiate or intensify oral anti-hyperglycemic treatmentb. Adult Patients:
|
Grade 3 Fasting glucose > 250 - 500 mg/dL or > 13.9 - 27.8 mmol/L | Interrupt VIJOICE. Initiate or intensify oral anti-hyperglycemic treatmentb and consider additional anti-hyperglycemic medications for 1-2 days until hyperglycemia improves, as clinically indicated. Administer intravenous hydration and consider appropriate treatment (e.g., intervention for electrolyte/ketoacidosis/hyperosmolar disturbances). Adult Patients:
|
Grade 4 Fasting glucose > 500 mg/dL or > 27.8 mmol/L | Interrupt VIJOICE.
Initiate or intensify appropriate oral anti-hyperglycemic treatmentb. Administer intravenous hydration and consider appropriate treatment (e.g., intervention for electrolyte/ketoacidosis/hyperosmolar disturbances). Re-check fasting glucose within 24 hours and as clinically indicated.
|
Pneumonitis
aGrading according to CTCAE Version 5.0. | |
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] | |
Gradea | Recommendation for adult and pediatric patients |
Any Grade | • Interrupt VIJOICE if pneumonitis is suspected. • Permanently discontinue VIJOICE if pneumonitis is confirmed. |
Diarrhea or Colitis
In pediatric patients, consider consultation with a physician with experience in the treatment of gastrointestinal conditions.
aGrading according to CTCAE Version 5.0. bFor Grade 2 and 3 colitis consider additional treatment, such as enteric-acting and/or systemic steroids. |
|
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] | |
Gradea | Recommendation for adult and pediatric patients |
Grade 1 | No VIJOICE dosage modification is required. Initiate appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicated. |
Grade 2 | Interrupt VIJOICE dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1, then resume VIJOICE at the same dose level. Initiate or intensify appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicatedb. Adult Patients:
|
Grade 3 | Interrupt VIJOICE dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1. Initiate or intensify appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicatedb. Adult Patients:
|
Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue VIJOICE. |
Pancreatitis
aGrading according to CTCAE Version 5.0. | |
Gradea | Recommendation for adult and pediatric patients |
Grade 2 | Interrupt VIJOICE dose until improvement to Grade < 2. Adult Patients:
|
Grade 3 | Adult Patients:
|
Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue VIJOICE. |
Other Adverse Reactions
aGrading according to CTCAE Version 5.0. bFor Grade 2 total bilirubin elevation in adult patients, interrupt VIJOICE dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1. If improvement occurs in ≤ 14 days, resume at the same dose level. If improvement occurs in > 14 days, resume VIJOICE at the next lower dose level. cFor Grade 2 total bilirubin elevation in pediatric patients, interrupt VIJOICE dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1. If improvement occurs in ≤ 14 days, resume at the same dose level. If improvement occurs in > 14 days, resume VIJOICE at 50 mg. |
|
Gradea | Recommendation for adult and pediatric patients |
Grade 1 or 2b,c | No VIJOICE dosage modification is required. Initiate appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicatedb,c. |
Grade 3 | Interrupt VIJOICE dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1. Initiate or intensify appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicated. Adult Patients:
|
Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue VIJOICE. |
3. Dosage Forms and Strengths
Tablets: 50 mg, 125 mg, and 200 mg alpelisib
50 mg: Light yellow, unscored, round and curved with beveled edges film-coated tablet, debossed with “C7” on one side and “NVR” on the other side.
125 mg: Dark yellow, unscored, ovaloid and curved with beveled edges film-coated tablet, debossed with “Y7” on one side and “NVR” on the other side.
200 mg: Pale yellow, unscored, ovaloid and curved with beveled edges film-coated tablet, debossed with “CL7” on one side and “NVR” on the other side.
4. Contraindications
VIJOICE is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity to alpelisib or any of its ingredients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
5. Warnings and Precautions
5.1 Severe Hypersensitivity
Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, and angioedema, have occurred in adult patients treated with alpelisib in the oncology setting and may occur in patients treated with VIJOICE. VIJOICE is not approved for use in the oncology setting.
Permanently discontinue VIJOICE in the event of severe hypersensitivity [see Contraindications (4)].
5.2 Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions
Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), erythema multiforme (EM), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), have occurred in adult patients treated with alpelisib in the oncology setting and may occur in patients treated with VIJOICE. VIJOICE is not approved for use in the oncology setting.
If signs or symptoms of SCARs occur, interrupt VIJOICE until the etiology of the reaction has been determined. Consultation with a dermatologist is recommended.
If a SCAR is confirmed, permanently discontinue VIJOICE.
If a SCAR is not confirmed, VIJOICE may require dose modifications, topical corticosteroids, or oral antihistamine treatment, as described in Table 4 [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
5.3 Hyperglycemia
Severe hyperglycemia, in some cases associated with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome (HHNKS) or fatal cases of ketoacidosis, has occurred in adult patients treated with alpelisib in the oncology setting and may occur in patients treated with VIJOICE. VIJOICE is not approved for use in the oncology setting.
In the EPIK-P1 study, Grade 1 or 2 hyperglycemia was reported in 12% of patients treated with VIJOICE [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Before initiating treatment with VIJOICE, test fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and optimize blood glucose. After initiating treatment with VIJOICE, monitor fasting glucose (FPG or fasting blood glucose) at least once every week for the first 2 weeks, then at least once every 4 weeks, and as clinically indicated. Monitor HbA1c every 3 months and as clinically indicated. Monitor fasting glucose more frequently for the first few weeks during treatment with VIJOICE in patients with risk factors for hyperglycemia, such as obesity (BMI ≥ 30), elevated FPG, HbA1c at the upper limit of normal or above, use of concomitant systemic corticosteroids, or age ≥ 75 [see Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].
If a patient experiences hyperglycemia after initiating treatment with VIJOICE, monitor fasting glucose as clinically indicated, and at least twice weekly until fasting glucose decreases to normal levels. During treatment with anti-hyperglycemic medication, continue monitoring fasting glucose at least once a week for 8 weeks, followed by once every 2 weeks and as clinically indicated. Consider consultation with a healthcare practitioner with expertise in the treatment of hyperglycemia and counsel patients on lifestyle changes.
The safety of VIJOICE in patients with Type 1 and uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes has not been established. Patients with a history of diabetes mellitus may require intensified hyperglycemic treatment. Closely monitor patients with diabetes.
Interrupt, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue VIJOICE based on the severity as described in Table 5 [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
5.4 Pneumonitis
Severe pneumonitis, including acute interstitial pneumonitis and interstitial lung disease, has occurred in adult patients treated with alpelisib in the oncology setting and may occur in patients treated with VIJOICE. VIJOICE is not approved for use in the oncology setting.
In patients who have new or worsening respiratory symptoms or are suspected to have developed pneumonitis, interrupt VIJOICE immediately and evaluate the patient for pneumonitis. Consider a diagnosis of non-infectious pneumonitis in patients presenting with non-specific respiratory signs and symptoms, such as hypoxia, cough, dyspnea, or interstitial infiltrates on radiologic exams and in whom infectious, neoplastic, and other causes have been excluded by means of appropriate investigations.
Permanently discontinue VIJOICE in all patients with confirmed pneumonitis [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
5.5 Diarrhea or Colitis
Severe diarrhea, resulting in dehydration and in some cases in acute kidney injury, as well as colitis, have occurred in adult patients treated with alpelisib in the oncology setting and may occur in patients treated with VIJOICE. VIJOICE is not approved for use in the oncology setting.
In the EPIK-P1 study, 16% of patients experienced Grade 1 diarrhea during treatment with VIJOICE [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Monitor patients for diarrhea and additional symptoms of colitis, such as abdominal pain and mucus or blood in stool. Interrupt, reduce the dose or permanently discontinue VIJOICE based on the severity of diarrhea or colitis [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
For patients with colitis, additional treatment, such as enteric-acting and/or systemic steroids, may be required [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
5.6 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
Based on findings in animals and its mechanism of action, VIJOICE can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of alpelisib to pregnant animals during organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes, including embryo-fetal mortality (post-implantation loss), reduced fetal weights, and increased incidences of fetal malformations at doses that were approximately equivalent to the recommended pediatric and adult doses. Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with VIJOICE and for 1 week after the last dose. Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use condoms and effective contraception during treatment with VIJOICE and for 1 week after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)].
6. Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling:
- Severe Hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
- Hyperglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]
- Pneumonitis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
- Diarrhea or Colitis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of VIJOICE was evaluated in EPIK-P1 (NCT04285723), a single-arm clinical study in patients who were treated as part of an expanded access program for compassionate use. Fifty-seven patients 2 years of age and older with severe or life-threatening PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) received VIJOICE based on age at dosages ranging from 50 mg to 250 mg orally once daily [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Among patients who received VIJOICE, 95% were exposed for 6 months or longer and 79% were exposed for greater than one year.
The median age of patients who received VIJOICE was 14 years (range, 2 to 50); 58% were female; 12% were White and race was not reported for 88%.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 12% of patients who received VIJOICE. Serious adverse reactions occurring in two or more patients included dehydration (n = 2) and cellulitis (n = 2).
Dosage interruption of VIJOICE due to an adverse reaction occurred in 11% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dosage interruption in two or more patients included dizziness (n = 2) and vomiting (n = 2). Dose reductions of VIJOICE due to an adverse reaction occurred in 5% of patients. Adverse reactions which required dose reduction included alopecia, memory impairment, and soft tissue infection.
The most common adverse reactions (≥ 10%) were diarrhea, stomatitis, and hyperglycemia. The most common Grade 3 or 4 laboratory abnormalities (≥ 2%) were increased glucose, decreased hemoglobin, decreased phosphate, increased bilirubin, decreased sodium, and decreased platelets.
Adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities are listed in Table 10 and Table 11, respectively.
Grading according to CTCAE Version 4.03. aStomatitis: including stomatitis and aphthous ulcer. |
||
VIJOICE
N = 57 |
||
Adverse reactions | ||
All Grades (%) | Grade 3 or 4 (%) |
|
Gastrointestinal disorders | ||
Diarrhea | 16 | 0 |
Stomatitisa | 16 | 0 |
Metabolism and nutrition disorders | ||
Hyperglycemia | 12 | 0 |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | ||
Eczema | 7 | 0 |
Dry skin | 7 | 0 |
Alopecia | 5 | 0 |
Nervous system disorders | ||
Headache | 5 | 0 |
Infections and infestations | ||
Cellulitis | 5 | 3.5 |
Clinically relevant adverse reactions in < 5% of patients who received VIJOICE included nausea, vomiting, dehydration, and mucosal dryness.
Grading according to CTCAE Version 4.03. Abbreviation: N/A, not available. aThe denominator used to calculate the rate varied from 9 to 50 based on the number of patients with a baseline value and at least one post-treatment value. bNo Grade 4 laboratory abnormalities were reported. cGlucose increase is an expected laboratory abnormality of PI3K inhibition. dNo CTCAE grade available. For HbA1c, baseline values increasing post-treatment to a value above the upper limit of the normal range (≥ 5.7%) are considered increased. |
||
Laboratory abnormality | VIJOICEa
N = 57 |
|
All Grades % | Grade 3 or 4 % |
|
Chemistry | ||
Decreased calcium (corrected) | 60 | 0 |
Decreased phosphate | 59 | 5b |
Increased glucosec | 56 | 11b |
Increased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)d | 38d | N/Ad |
Increased creatinine | 31 | 0 |
Increased bilirubin | 29 | 2b |
Increased potassium | 24 | 0 |
Increased triglycerides | 19 | 0 |
Decreased magnesium | 18 | 0 |
Increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) | 17 | 0 |
Increased cholesterol | 13 | 0 |
Decreased albumin | 13 | 0 |
Decreased sodium | 12 | 2b |
Decreased potassium | 12 | 0 |
Increased gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) | 11 | 0 |
Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) | 10 | 0 |
Hematology | ||
Decreased leukocyte | 22 | 0 |
Decreased hemoglobin | 20 | 6b |
Decreased lymphocyte | 20 | 0 |
Decreased neutrophil | 19 | 0 |
Increased lymphocyte | 17 | 0 |
Decreased platelets | 14 | 2b |
6.2 Postmarketing Experience and Other Spontaneous Adverse Reaction Reports
The following adverse reactions have been identified with VIJOICE use in patients with PROS in an expanded access program for compassionate use. Because these reactions are reported from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Decreased appetite.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Pruritus, rash (including rash maculo-papular, rash erythematous, rash papular, and rash pruritic), acne (including dermatitis acneiform).
7. Drug Interactions
7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on VIJOICE
CYP3A4 Inducers
Avoid coadministration of VIJOICE with strong CYP3A4 inducers.
Alpelisib is metabolized by CYP3A4. Concomitant use of VIJOICE with a strong CYP3A4 inducer may decrease alpelisib concentration [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may decrease alpelisib activity.
Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Inhibitors (BCRP)
Avoid the use of BCRP inhibitors in patients treated with VIJOICE. If unable to use alternative drugs, when VIJOICE is used in combination with BCRP inhibitors, closely monitor for increased adverse reactions.
Alpelisib is transported by BCRP. Concomitant use of VIJOICE with a BCRP inhibitor may increase alpelisib exposure [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)], which may increase the risk of adverse reactions.
7.2 Effect of VIJOICE on Other Drugs
CYP2C9 Substrates
Closely monitor CYP2C9 substrates where minimal concentration changes of the CYP2C9 substrate may reduce activity when used concomitantly with VIJOICE.
Alpelisib induces CYP2C9. Concomitant use of VIJOICE with CYP2C9 substrates may reduce exposure of these drugs, which may reduce activity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
8. Use In Specific Populations
8.1 Pregnancy
Risk Summary
Based on animal data and mechanism of action, VIJOICE can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. There are no available data in pregnant women to inform the drug-associated risk. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of alpelisib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes, including embryo-fetal mortality (post-implantation loss), reduced fetal weights, and increased incidences of fetal malformations at doses described below (see Data). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. However, the estimated background risk of major birth defects is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies in the U.S. general population.
Data
Animal Data
In embryo-fetal development studies in rats and rabbits, pregnant animals received oral doses of alpelisib during the period of organogenesis. In the rat study, animals were dosed at 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg/day from gestation day 6 to 17; and in the rabbit study, animals were dosed at 3, 15, 25, and 30 mg/kg/day from gestation day 7 to 20.
In rats, oral administration of alpelisib resulted in maternal toxicity (body weight loss, low food consumption) and no viable fetuses (post-implantation loss) at 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 3.6 to 1.2 times the initial recommended doses of 50 mg and 250 mg in pediatric and adult patients, respectively, based on BSA). At a dose of 10 mg/kg/day (approximately 1.2 to 0.4 times the initial recommended doses of 50 mg and 250 mg in pediatric and adult patients, respectively, based on BSA), toxicities included reduced fetal weight and increased incidences of skeletal malformations (bent scapula and thickened or bent long bones) and fetal variations (enlarged brain ventricle, decreased bone ossification).
In a pilot embryo-fetal development study in rabbits, a dose of 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 7 to 2.2 times the initial recommended doses of 50 mg and 250 mg in pediatric and adult patients based on BSA) resulted in no viable fetuses (post-implantation loss). Doses ≥ 15 mg/kg/day (approximately 3.5 to 1.1 times the initial recommended doses of 50 mg and 250 mg in pediatric and adult patients, respectively, based on BSA) resulted in increased embryo-fetal deaths, reduced fetal weights, and malformations, mostly related to the tail and head.
8.2 Lactation
Risk Summary
There are no data on the presence of alpelisib in human milk, its effects on milk production, or the breastfed child. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child, advise lactating women to not breastfeed during treatment with VIJOICE and for 1 week after the last dose.
8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential
Pregnancy Testing
Verify the pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to initiating VIJOICE.
Contraception
Females
VIJOICE can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with VIJOICE and for 1 week after the last dose.
Males
Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use condoms and effective contraception during treatment with VIJOICE and for 1 week after the last dose.
Infertility
Based on findings from animal studies, VIJOICE may impair fertility in males and females of reproductive potential [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
8.4 Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness of VIJOICE have been established in pediatric patients 2 to less than 18 years of age with PROS based on results from a single-arm clinical study of VIJOICE (EPIK-P1) that enrolled 39 pediatric patients: 11 patients aged 2 to 5 years, 12 patients aged 6 to 11 years, and 16 patients aged 12 to less than 18 years of age [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14)].
The safety and effectiveness of VIJOICE in pediatric patients below the age of 2 years have not been established.
Although there were no new safety signals observed in pediatric patients, there is insufficient data to determine whether VIJOICE has an adverse impact on growth and development in pediatric patients with PROS. Based on the animal toxicity data (described below), regular monitoring of growth and development in pediatric patients treated with VIJOICE is recommended.
Animal Toxicity Data
In a 4-week general toxicology study, rats administered alpelisib had growth plate thickening and decreased trabeculae of the knee joint, dentin thinning, and degenerative odontoblasts at the dose of 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 2.8 to 1.2 times the initial recommended doses of 50 mg and 250 mg in pediatric and adult patients, respectively, based on BSA). Dentin thinning/irregular dentin was also observed in the 13-week toxicology study in rats at the high dose of 20 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 to 0.8 times the initial recommended doses of 50 mg and 250 mg in pediatric and adult patients, respectively, based on BSA).
10. Overdosage
There is limited experience of overdose with alpelisib in clinical trials.
In cases where accidental overdosage of alpelisib was reported in the clinical studies, the adverse reactions associated with the overdose were consistent with the known safety profile of alpelisib and included hyperglycemia, nausea, asthenia, and rash.
Initiate general symptomatic and supportive measures in all cases of overdosage where necessary. There is no known antidote for VIJOICE.
11. Vijoice Description
VIJOICE (alpelisib) is a kinase inhibitor. The chemical name of alpelisib is (2S)-N1-[4-Methyl-5-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-pyridinyl]-2-thiazolyl]-1,2-pyrrolidinedicarboxamide. Alpelisib is a white to almost white powder. The molecular formula for alpelisib is C19H22F3N5O2S and the relative molecular mass is 441.47 g/mol. The chemical structure of alpelisib is shown below:
VIJOICE film-coated tablets are supplied for oral administration with three strengths that contain 50 mg, 125 mg and 200 mg of alpelisib. The tablets also contain hypromellose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate. The film-coating contains hypromellose, iron oxide red (applicable only to 50 mg and 200 mg strengths), iron oxide yellow, macrogol/polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, talc, and titanium dioxide.
VIJOICE
alpelisib tablet |
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VIJOICE
alpelisib tablet |
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VIJOICE
alpelisib kit |
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Labeler - Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (002147023) |