Summary

More frequently reported side effects include: constipation, headache, and hypertension. Continue reading for a comprehensive list of adverse effects.

Applies to memantine: oral capsule extended release, oral solution, oral tablet.

Serious side effects of Memantine

Along with its needed effects, memantine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking memantine:

Less common

• Bloating or swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet
• blurred vision
• dizziness
• headache
• nervousness
• pounding in the ears
• rapid weight gain
• slow or fast heartbeat
• tingling of the hands or feet
• unusual weight gain or loss

Incidence not known

• Abdominal or stomach pain
• agitation
• black, tarry stools
• bleeding gums
• blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin
• blood in the urine or stools
• chest pain
• coma
• constipation
• continuing vomiting
• convulsions
• dark-colored urine
• decreased urine output
• depression
• fainting
• fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
• general feeling of tiredness or weakness
• high fever
• high or low blood pressure
• hostility
• increased sweating
• indigestion
• infection from breathing foreign substances into the lungs
• itching
• lethargy
• light-colored stools
• lip smacking or puckering
• loss of consciousness
• muscle twitching
• no blood pressure
• no breathing
• no pulse
• numbness or tingling in the face, arms, or legs
• pain in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
• pain or swelling in the arms or legs without any injury
• pain, tension, and weakness upon walking that subsides during periods of rest
• pinpoint red spots on the skin
• pounding, slow heartbeat
• puffing of the cheeks
• rapid or worm-like movements of the tongue
• rapid weight gain
• recurrent fainting
• red irritated eyes
• red skin lesions, often with a purple center
• seizures
• severe constipation
• severe headache
• severe muscle stiffness
• severe vomiting
• sores, ulcers, or white spots in the mouth or on the lips
• stupor
• sudden severe weakness
• swelling of the face, ankles, or hands
• total body jerking
• trouble with speaking or walking
• troubled breathing
• twitching, twisting, or uncontrolled repetitive movements of the tongue, lips, face, arms, or legs
• uncontrolled chewing movements
• unusual bleeding or bruising
• unusually pale skin
• vomiting
• yellow eyes and skin

Other side effects of Memantine

Some side effects of memantine may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects.

Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

More common

• Confusion

Less common

• Anxiety
• back pain
• bladder pain
• bloody or cloudy urine
• change in walking and balance
• chills
• clumsiness or unsteadiness
• cough producing mucus
• coughing
• diarrhea
• difficult, burning, or painful urination
• difficulty with breathing
• difficulty with moving
• discouragement
• dry mouth
• fear
• feeling sad or empty
• fever
• frequent urge to urinate
• general feeling of discomfort or illness
• hyperventilation
• insomnia
• irritability
• joint pain
• loss of appetite
• loss of bladder control
• loss of interest or pleasure
• lower back or side pain
• muscle pain or stiffness
• nausea
• nervousness
• pain
• pain in the joints
• restlessness
• seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
• shortness of breath
• sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
• sore throat
• tightness in the chest
• tiredness
• trouble with concentrating
• trouble with sleeping
• unusual tiredness or weakness
• vomiting
• wheezing

Incidence not known

• Burning feeling in the chest or stomach
• burning, numbness, pain, or tingling in all fingers except smallest finger
• cold sweats
• cool pale skin
• decreased interest in sexual intercourse
• difficulty with swallowing
• general feeling of discomfort or illness
• heartburn
• inability to have or keep an erection
• increased hunger
• large amounts of fat in the blood
• loss in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance
• nightmares
• shakiness
• slurred speech
• stomach cramps
• stomach upset
• tenderness in the stomach area
• watery or bloody diarrhea

For Healthcare Professionals

Applies to memantine: oral capsule extended release, oral kit, oral solution, oral tablet.

General

The most common adverse reactions (frequency of at least 5% and higher than placebo) were dizziness, headache, confusion, constipation, and diarrhea.^[Ref]

Cardiovascular

Common (1% to 10%): Hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia, angina pectoris, phlebitis, deep thrombophlebitis, cardiac arrest

Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Cardiac failure, venous thrombosis/thromboembolism

Frequency not reported: Postural hypotension, rhythm and rate disturbance (e.g., atrial fibrillation), QTc prolongation, ischemic event and sudden death (e.g., myocardial infarction), embolism, venous thrombosis/thromboembolism^[Ref]

Dermatologic

Common (1% to 10%): Purpura, rash, basal cell carcinoma

Frequency not reported: Dermatitis, skin disorder, skin ulceration, bullous eruption, pruritus, increased sweating

Postmarketing reports: Stevens Johnson syndrome^[Ref]

Endocrine

Common (1% to 10%): Hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus

Frequency not reported: Aggravated diabetes mellitus^[Ref]

Gastrointestinal

Common (1% to 10%): Constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, gastroenteritis

Frequency not reported: Diverticulitis, dyspepsia, hemorrhoids, gastric ulcer, ileus

Postmarketing reports: Pancreatitis^[Ref]

Genitourinary

Common (1% to 10%): Urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, urinary tract infection, hyperuricemia, micturition frequency

Frequency not reported: Cystitis, pyuria, hematuria^[Ref]

Hepatic

Common (1% to 10%): Increased ALT, increased AST, increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), increased phosphatase alkaline, elevated liver function test

Postmarketing reports: Hepatitis, bilirubinemia^[Ref]

Hypersensitivity

Common (1% to 10%): Drug hypersensitivity^[Ref]

Metabolic

Common (1% to 10%): Increased weight, decreased weight, anorexia, dehydration, hypokalemia

Frequency not reported: Increased appetite, hypernatremia, hyponatremia^[Ref]

Musculoskeletal

Common (1% to 10%): Back pain, arthralgia, leg pain, hypertonia, arthrosis, muscle weakness, myalgia, skeletal pain^[Ref]

Nervous system

Common (1% to 10%): Dizziness, headache, somnolence, balance disorders, abnormal gait, syncope, coma

Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Seizures

Frequency not reported: Aphasia, speech disorder, hyperkinesia, dyskinesia, dementia, partial epileptic seizure, convulsions, tremor, extrapyramidal disorder, transient ischemic attack, vertigo, numbness, paresthesia, stupor, cerebrovascular disorder, intracranial hemorrhage^[Ref]

Ocular

Common (1% to 10%): Cataract, conjunctivitis^[Ref]

Other

Common (1% to 10%): Fatigue, peripheral edema, pain, influenza, inflicted injury, fall, dependent edema, tooth ache, tooth caries, edema, abrasion

Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Fungal infections

Frequency not reported: Fever, asthenia, tiredness, chest pain, menstrual disorder^[Ref]

Psychiatric

Common (1% to 10%): Confusion, hallucination, anxiety, depression, aggression, agitation, insomnia, delusion, sleep disorder, abnormal crying

Frequency not reported: Increased libido, mental status changes, nervousness, excitation/mania, suicide attempt, psychotic reactions

Postmarketing reports: Suicidal ideation, suicide, psychotic reactions^[Ref]

Respiratory

Common (1% to 10%): Coughing, dyspnea, bronchitis, pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection, apnea, rhinitis

Frequency not reported: Atelectasis^[Ref]

Hematologic

Frequency not reported: Anemia

Postmarketing reports: Agranulocytosis, leukopenia (including neutropenia), pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), leucocytosis^[Ref]

Renal

Frequency not reported: Abnormal renal function, renal calculus

Postmarketing reports: Acute renal failure (including increased creatinine, renal insufficiency)^[Ref]